Choose three texts. How do their authors ‘construct a narrative’?

setting the scene, establishing a context/

ending, closure/

middle:
description (of people, places, things): to visualise/
characters/
dialogue (speech): to create different voices, to develop characters, to dramatise/

narrator/ (three basic kinds of narrator: omniscient (like a god) (third person ie he or she); ‘flawed’ narrator (first person (‘I’) or third person); running narrative (‘I’))

a meaning, a purpose, a theme (sometimes suggested in the title)/

Text 30: Narrative One. Text 15: Mysterious (Billy Bunter) Text 22 Sharon: Incest

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Choose three texts. How do their authors ‘express points of view’?

'positive and negative' points of view: emotive language, imperatives/ modals

use facts/ evidence to inform: to validate point of view and in order that allow the reader/ audience to come to their own decisions

satire: eg express a point of view you oppose, making fun of it

tell your reader what to think: imperatives/ modals; direct address to the reader

move between the particular and the general: examples and conclusions

Text 28 The One Thing Needful; Text 2 Comprehensive ...

Choose three texts. How do their authors ‘present information’?

layout is important:: short paragraphs, sub-headings, lists etc

impersonally (ie the writing pretends (at least) to be impartial, without opinion): eg The College constantly seeks, or Pupils ar expected ...

generalisations eg Going to school and coming back was so enjoyable ...

Choose three texts. How do their authors ‘amuse and entertain the reader or listener’?

tone of voice: sarcasm, patronising (you laugh at the assumed pomposity of the writer), whimsical (creating a 'light' touch so that we laugh at things rather than think about it),

jokes (eg ambiguity, puns)

exaggeration (eg in The Lesson)

humorous language eg the names of characters

sometimes we are asked to 'see through' the narrator, for example, we are a little amused by Sharon because we see thorugh the situation better than she does

pace and rhythm contribute to entertainment, eg Decline and Fall: think about punch-lines

The Lesson/ Decline and Fall/ Billy Bunter/ Bash Street Kids

Choose three texts. How do their authors ‘describe emotions’?

Choose three texts. How do their authors ‘persuade their audience to share a point of view’?

Choose three texts. How do their authors ‘engage their audiences in debate and discussion’?