| GCSE
Course Industry
Industry
as a system
The inputs, processes and
outputs of
industry.
Industrial activity
can
be classified.
Definition of primary, secondary,
tertiary
and quaternary industry. Types of goods
associated with these industries and the links
between them.
Industrial location is influenced
by many factors.
A consideration of locational
factors:
transport, government policy, raw materials, finance, labour, energy,
physical site.
Case studies of secondary industries to illustrate the changing relative
importance of locational factors: a traditional area of heavy industry,
a footloose industry and those associated with TNCs and NICS. The case
studies are to consider the industry as a system, the physical and human
factors affecting its location, the nature of the industry and recent
problems and changes.
The problems of the environmental impact of industries, particularly heavy
industries and their contribution to land, sea and air pollution.
Case studies of industries
should be chosen
with at least one from each of UK, EU and
LEDCs.
A minimum of three case studies
will be required
to cover the place contexts i.e. UK. EU and
LEDC. One possible combination would be the
steel industries in the Rhine-Ruhr area, a UK Industrial
Estate and a TNC located in an LEDC although
many other combinations are possible.
Industrial
changes may have both advantages and
disadvantages.
The reasons for industrial change:
overview
of globalisation of industry and the growing
importance of labour costs and the world market.
Sample studies to illustrate the main
changes taking place such as deindustrialisation and the decline in traditional
manufacturing
industries in MEDCs, increasing tertiary and quaternary sectors compared
with the industrialisation in LEDCs and the growth
in importance of TNCs. Legislation to reduce pollution and encourage sustainable
development.
One possible example would be the
changes that have taken place in north-east England from heavy engineering
and coal to inward investment led by the Japanese and more recently the
mushrooming of call centres. Candidates should consider the
increase in legislation to clean up the air and rivers etc. especially
in MEDCs whilst the LEDCs are still prone to considerable pollution from
industry
The socio-economic, political and
environmental issues and consequences for areas of traditional heavy industry
now in
decline, for LEDCs where TNCs have located and for rural urban fringes
under pressure from developers of Science or Business parks. The values
and attitudes of interest groups should be included. |